Urinary tract inflammation is not only a common problem among women;Half of the human population also suffers from this disease, but it occurs less frequently due to physiological characteristics.The main symptoms of male cystitis are: increased frequency and pain of urination, discomfort and pain in the suprapubic area, and impurities in the urine.Treatment involves the use of antibacterial drugs and various procedures.
What is cystitis
Bacterial infection can cause inflammation of the bladder.This occurs when the pathogen enters the target organ through the urinary tract.The disease is classified as a lower urinary tract infection.The male urethra is longer than the female urethra, so cystitis is less common in humans than in females.
reason
Following simple personal hygiene rules will allow young people to avoid cystitis almost 100% of the time.The risk increases with age.Cystitis is often caused by other conditions, such as urethral stricture, urolithiasis, and chronic sexually transmitted infections.Decreased immunity is also a trigger, often caused by the use of cytostatic and hormonal drugs.
The cause of cystitis in women is ascending infection from the urethra, vagina, and anus, while in men it spreads from the urethra, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles.Urinary tract problems leading to urethral stricture and urinary stagnation may lead to this disorder.Any foreign body, stone, diverticula (bulges in the wall of an organ), or prostate adenoma that blocks the urethra may cause cystitis.
Because the infection has difficulty penetrating the male bladder, cystitis may occur in the context of other conditions, such as seminal vesiculitis, orchitis, urethritis, prostatitis, and epididymitis.When infected with Ureaplasma, Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Trichomonas, Chlamydia, Proteus, Herpesvirus, Cytomegalovirus, Papillomavirus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas, fungi (candidiasis), Klebsiella, Listeria or coliform bacteria.
The infection may also be descending if caused by renal tuberculosis or pyelonephritis.Bad habits, stress, poor nutrition and excessive physical activity may be favorable conditions for the development of cystitis.Sinusitis, influenza, and chronic tonsillitis, although they first affect the respiratory system, can spread through the bloodstream to other organs and introduce bacteria into the bladder.This results in cystitis often occurring as a complication of infectious diseases.
Infections can be introduced by hospital doctors during intubation or cystoscopy.Other factors that contribute to the disease include diabetes, hypothermia, stress, sleep deprivation, abdominal surgery, prostatectomy, transurethral surgery, and urethral and prostate malignancies.
Initial symptoms of cystitis in men
If an inflammatory process is suspected, treatment should not be delayed.Male cystitis is diagnosed and antibiotics are prescribed.The first signs of the disease can be detected independently if:
- Frequent urination
- lower abdominal pain;
- burning sensation when urinating;
- blood, mucus, and pus in urine;
- General weakness and body temperature higher than normal (37°C).
symptom
Cystitis in men is determined by obvious symptoms.Acute progression of the disease is manifested by increased frequency of urination, difficulty and pain in the lower abdomen, and cloudy urine.If these symptoms occur, you need to see a urologist as soon as possible.Frequent needing to urinate is one of the main symptoms of cystitis, while very small amounts of fluid may come out during a single trip to the toilet, and incontinence often occurs.
With cystitis, men may have to struggle to start urinating.Pain, burning, or stinging may also occur, especially at the beginning and end of urination.The pain varies in intensity and intensity and may be accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the penis, perineum, and pubic area.Symptoms of cystitis in men also include increased body temperature, headache, fatigue, weakness, increased sweating, chills, and decreased appetite.
In hemorrhagic, gangrenous cystitis, the urine may become cloudy.There may be blood and mucus inside, and there will be a pungent, unpleasant rotten smell.Urine output decreased to 400 ml per day.Symptoms of cystitis in men are mild if a chronic form is observed.There is almost no pain, a slight increase in urination, and only mucus in the urine.The disease has phases of exacerbation and remission.
chronic cystitis
This form is characterized by few symptoms and often a steady or wavelike course.Therefore, complications of chronic cystitis in men are as follows:
- Persistence of leukocyturia (increased number of white blood cells in urine);
- Pyuria (the presence of pus in the urine);
- Proteinuria (more than normal excretion of protein in the urine);
- Macroscopic or microscopic hematuria (the presence of blood in the urine);
- Mucus is present in the urine.
hot
This form of cystitis has a wide range of symptoms.The main manifestations in the acute phase are:
- Frequent urination, including nocturia (mainly nocturnal diuresis);
- Urgent request;
- Linguin (pain, difficulty urinating);
- cloudy urine;
- terminal hematuria;
- Fever, chills, reduced work ability;
- Pain, stinging, and burning when urinating,
- Pain in the suprapubic area, penis, groin, and scrotum;
- Decreased urine output (up to 10-20 ml);
- development of incontinence;
- Leukocyturia, hematuria, pyuria.
- Poisoning (hemorrhagic, gangrenous, or cellulitis forms);
- The urine is turbid in color, the secretions have a rancid smell, and there are impurities in wounds and mucus.
treat
To prevent bladder inflammation, it is important to prevent cystitis in men.However, if you are unable to protect yourself and the first signs of the disease appear, then you need to see a specialist as soon as possible.Treatment can only be given after a complete history and examination by a urologist.Acute cystitis is accompanied by severe pain and persistent urinary retention, requiring hospitalization and detailed study of the processes occurring in the body to determine the type of causative microorganism.The following general therapies are recommended:
- During the acute stage of the disease, rest in bed, use antipyretics, drink plenty of water (up to 2.5 liters per day), and stick to a diet that avoids sour, spicy, and salty foods.
- antibiotic.After the pathogen is identified, antimicrobial drugs are prescribed.The most common are fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans, and cephalosporins.Take these medications for one week.
- Phytotherapy.Diuretic and anti-inflammatory herbs are effective in combating cystitis.Herbal teas (bearberry tea, horsetail tea, lingonberry leaf) are useful in treating this disease.These medications have an auxiliary effect and help reduce inflammation.You should be aware of the possibility of allergic reactions to herbs.Cranberry juice or fruit drinks can be beneficial; pills containing cranberry extract are effective.These medications reduce the concentration of antibiotics so they can be used after a course of treatment.
- Antispasmodics and NSAIDs will help relieve pain.
- Some sexually transmitted infections can cause cystitis in men.Treatment plans are developed by experts.
- Immunomodulators and probiotics.These treatments help the body recover after a course of antibiotics.They are not directly involved in the treatment of disease.Immunomodulators help the body fight pathogens, and probiotics restore the gut microbiome.
- The course of treatment depends on concomitant diseases, such as pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, adenoma resection, prostatitis.Treatment of these conditions is necessary to cure cystitis.
- Bladder irrigation.In some cases, it is recommended to use an antiseptic for this procedure; the use of novocaine blockers is effective.
- physiotherapy.At the end of the acute phase of the disease, in order to accelerate the body's recovery and absorption, ultrasound therapy, ultra-high frequency, mud therapy, magnetic laser therapy and electrophoresis therapy can be used.